Math Problem: Aces and Errors

A high ratio of service aces to service errors fosters winning volleyball.

First, a definition from OpenAI:

"A volleyball service ace occurs when a player serves the ball over the net and it lands in the opponent's court untouched or is touched but cannot be kept in play by the receiving team. Essentially, it's a serve that results directly in a point for the serving team without the opponent being able to return the ball effectively. This is a desirable outcome for the serving team as it immediately scores a point and puts pressure on the receiving team." 

Furthermore, "A good ratio of volleyball service aces to service errors can vary depending on the level of play and strategy of the team. However, a commonly cited benchmark for a strong serving performance is aiming for a 2:1 ratio of aces to errors. This means for every service error committed, a player should ideally achieve two service aces.

Achieving this ratio indicates effective serving that puts pressure on the opposing team while minimizing the number of points gifted through errors. It's important to note that this ratio can be influenced by various factors such as the skill level of the players, the strategy of the team, and the level of competition."

This article clarifies the definition.  

All players are not equal in their 'reading' serves, perception of "late specifying information" or agility and quickness allowing adjustments. I am told that Gigi Albuja has a deceptive serve with late movement. 

Lagniappe (repost). Video worth study from 2011. Note Alyssa DiRaffaele's devastating serves in one of the dominant service performances in MVB history. The serves had both topspin and sidespin helping find the floor and the alleys.